Rain and runoff have a decisive influence on the transport and deposition of sediment detached or under the impact of raindrops or by runoff exerts shear stress on the ground.\nIn this study, we try to characterize the risk of erosion associated with rainfall data from the rainfall station Mostaganem (West Algeria). This will explain the importance and variability of water erosion of soils in the study area. We calculate its index by various methods namely Fournier, Arnoldus and Deffontaines with series of data collected during the period from 2000 to 2010.
P. pulmonarius was cultured in liquid potato-dextrose medium in stationary condition. The lignocelllolytic activities were assayed using the extracellular culture filtrate which was partially purified using 0-80% ammonium sulphate saturation. Different physico-chemical studies were performed using the partially purified culture filtrate. P. pulmonarius produced lignocellulolytic enzymes like laccase, peroxidase and cellulase in the present experimental condition. The fungus produced more laccase and peroxidase than the cellulase. The optimum laccase production was found on 17th day whereas cellulase & peroxidase productions were found on 9th& 10th day, respectively. Km of laccase is 4.1mM against guaiacol and 1.25 mM against o-dianisidine whereas Km of peroxidase was 0.72mM and cellulase was 0.06 mM. Optimum pH of laccase was 6.0 but for peroxidase and cellulase it was 7.0. The temperature optima of cellulase (50⁰C) was more than laccase (40⁰C) and peroxidase (30⁰C). All the lignocellulosic enzymes showed a wide range of temperature and pH stabilities. Laccase and peroxidase were fully inhibited by NaCl but it was not so effective against cellulase. P. pulmonarius showed higher ligninolytic (Laccase and peroxidase) activity than cellulolytic (cellulase) activity. The lignocellulosic enzymes isolated from submerged fermentation of P. pulmonarius might be industrially significant as they showed a wide range of temperature and pH stabilities.
Water management is very important task in countries that have water shortage. Agriculture is the largest user of water in the entire world. Wastewater reuse is one of the main options that can be considered as a new source of water in regions where water is scarce. The main purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of Isfahan’s north wastewater treatment plant effluent for agricultural irrigation. To evaluate suitability of treated wastewater for irrigation, important indicators like Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP) and Potential Salinity were investigated. In this study the SAR value for effluent was 2.62 and according to approved criteria by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) it was excellent for irrigation, SSP was 39.7% so it has good quality for irrigation usage and the potential salinity was 4.81 meq/L, thus according to approved criteria by FAO it is medium for soil permeability. Also the EC value of effluent was 1250 μS/cm (1.25 dS/m) and according to approved criteria by FAO it was permissible for irrigation.
A transportable BNCT system, incorporating a 1 mg 252Cf source, has been simulated using the MCNP4B code. The materials considered were compatible with the European Union Directive on ‘Restriction of Hazardous Substances’ (RoHS) 2002/95/EC, hence excluding the use of beryllium, cadmium and lead. Fluental and D2O were chosen as the moderator materials with a special design and nickel as reflector. Bismuth and titanium was selected as beam filters in order to improve the beam quality. The results indicate that the proposed system is capable of producing a very quality neutron beam suitable for BNCT treatments.
Thus, based on the results of the survey, may recommend the following:\nFirstly, public authorities, namely the local executive power should be more demanding of employers, despite the fact that they are foreign investors. They must be aware of the need for systematic social policy, both within the organization and outside it. We agree with the official statistics that businesses take on social obligations, but at the same time providing a one-time aid does not cover and does not compare to the damage they cause to the environment in the region, which shows the industry.\nSecond, the results of quantitative surveys and interviews showed that those means which the employer directs the purchase of equipment is not enough. In this connection, the government should be able, through the institution of bilateral, trilateral commission to conduct specialized inspection equipment in industrial plants.\nThird, the number of employees in enterprises is huge, working in different departments of the company, they notice that the socio-psychological climate in the team, one of the important aspects of working life, in connection with which both the employer and the public authorities should pay attention to the improvement, above all, a social enterprise image.\nFourth, high staff turnover, the desire to change their place of work, show that industrial jobs associated with a high level of risk and danger. In this connection, it is necessary to work with the staff of the permanent observance of safety rules. However, differentiated pay, social and economic difficulties of the workers, spurring him to break the rules, in connection with what are related accidents in the workplace. Consequently, systematic work with the staff, daily check on the working place of work, training may improve the situation by reducing the number of occupational injuries.\nFifth, the trade unions as organizations defending the interests of workers need to be aware of everything that happens in the departments. More common workers, not with trade union activists. Because workers perceive themselves as a protest organized enough power and if you have any conflicts with management companies, to keep from strikes, interruption fail.