Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) performs routing and communication in order to deliver data from multiple sources to a single sink. In this many-to-one communication paradigm, while some failure might be affordable at the many sources side, single sink cannot be allowed any downtime, let alone complete failure. In a WSN security attack scenario, an attacker makes efforts to bring a sink down by identifying and capturing it. Current state-of-the-art in sink protection schemes prevents such failures by preserving its privacy through letting it operate in promiscuous and all-the-time listening mode. However such operation is still vulnerable to privacy divulgence due to the fact that the attacker detects its all-the-time listening operation and identifies it. Furthermore, listening is an energy-expensive operation in WSNs that makes the sink battery die very quickly. In this paper, we propose a new sink privacy preservation scheme that defines the role of cooperating nodes. These cooperating nodes create a camouflage around the sink such that the location of the sink is never revealed. Since the sink adopts sleep schedule, our scheme is energy-efficient and provides complete privacy protection to the sink. We have tested this scheme under a threat model that shows possible ways an intruder can try to locate sink. The results show that the intruder has the probability equal to ¼ to destroy the sink if he destroys one fourth of the network.

We live in an era where serious efforts are being made to make citizens of the world literates. This attempt calls for people going through formal education and that calls for teachers who are ready to go the extra mile to ensure they teach effectively for the benefit of the learners entrusted in their hands and the world as a whole. This paper explores training received and the use of cooperative learning in teaching English First Additional Language Teachers Kwazulu-Natal secondary schools. One learning approach that can guarantee effective teaching and learning is cooperative learning; hence this research looked into the training English (First Additional Language) teachers have received in the use of the approach and the extent to which they are implementing the approach. A sample of 262 EFAL teachers from four districts in the Kwazulu-Natal Province to participate in this study. The sequential mixed-methods approach was used in this study, allowing for the use of a survey questionnaire and focus group interviews to be used as data collection instruments. The result of the research indicated that teachers apply cooperative learning and that the approach was beneficial to the teaching and learning of EFAL.

Image registration is considered as one of the most fundamental and crucial pre processing step in digital image processing. Since it is a vital problem in medical imaging, though it has several applications in clinical diagnosis such as diagnosis of cardiac, retinal, pelvic, renal, abdomen, liver, tissue etc disorders. Ridges, edges and troughs are useful geometric features for image analysis. Geometrical image features like ridges in digital images may be extracted by convolving the images with Gaussian kernels. In this paper we will perform the task of using ridgeness correlation for CT and MRI brain images matching using scale space method and also demonstrate 3D CT –MRI image registration with a software package using rigid translations and rotations.

Many significant images contains some extent of noise, that is unexplained variation in data disturbances in image intensity which are either uninterpretable or out of interest. Image analysis is often simplified if this unwanted noise is filtered. For this image simplification, filtering in frequency domain is done. In this paper we will demonstrate the image sharpening by Gaussian & Butterworth high pass filter and jot some points revealing their differences.

A data processing strategy to suppress seismic noises by Wigner Distribution (WD) method through signal decomposition in time-frequency domain is demonstrated. The 48 WDs are used for a profile with 48 channel vertical component geophone records. The level seismograms from the 48 WDs of these geophones records are built. There are 256 Level Seismograms, but only some level seismograms in a certain level range can be used. From some reasonable approach that in the level range 70 to 100 the reflected wavephases dominate. Then the level seismograms from Level 70 to Level 100 are composed to get de-noised seismogram. The effects of the de-noising are better than the results of discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and the clear reflected wavephases are got. Therefore the WD- method has its advantage than others in this case.

Objective: Syncope is 1-2% of emergency department incomes and 6% of hospitalizations. Despite the fact that all examinations are done, stil 40% of syncope’s etiology is unclear. In our study, our aim was to investigate the relationship between the mean platelet volume and the diagnosis of syncope to clearify the approach of syncope in the future.\nMethods: The survey has been conducted and the data were collected retrospectively between October 1,2011 and June 30, 2012 within the 591 syncope patients and 523 trauma patients as control group. In addition to the base study, age, gender, requested examinations, consultations and hospilatization or outcomıng of patients were included. Data were analysed in SPSS 13.0 version.\nResults: When syncope and control groups were compared, mean platelet volume values were significantly higher in syncope group (p<0.05). Platelet and hematocrit values were not significantly changing according to hematocrit values between the patients and control group (p>0.05).\nConclusion: MPV is a parameter for the diagnosis of syncope.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating neurological disease. Several studies have reported that complementary and alternative therapies can have positive effects against pain in these patients. The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of a hydrotherapy program against pain and other symptoms in M S patients. In this randomized controlled trial, 30 women MS patients were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group for a 10-week treatment program. The experimental group (15 patients) underwent 30 sessions of hydrotherapy program in swimming pool and the control group did any exercise training in this time.The experimental group showed a significant (P<0.05) and clinically relevant decrease in pain intensity versus baseline, Significant improvement were also observed in quality of life, coordination function , EDSS, mental health, and psychological health. According to these findings, hydrotherapy program improves quality of life and coordination function in the patients with multiple sclerosis.