This study is focused on kinematic analysis of fencing lunge in different performance-related groups of fencers. The first group (n=7) consists of elite fencers of the Czech Republic, who are active in fencing an average of 12 years (±3,4). In the second group (n=7), there are fencers who are active in fencing up to two years. Subjects of our study performed lunge on a visual stimulus of LEDs, which is part of the Fitrosword device. The end of lunge was defined by hit of the target. The aim of this study was detection of critical points in fencing lunge of monitored groups of fencers. Video recording and Dartfish Team Pro 6 Data software were used to evaluation of the lunge. The investigation revealed significant differences in the structure of individual phases of the lunge given to monitored groups of fencers. The results of our study may be useful for coaches of fencing for their application to the practical plane, which will take into account the motion structure applied by a group of elite fencers.
The present study is the first study of Keenjhar lake carried out to gain the knowledge about the toxic Phytoplanktonic Cyanophyta (Microcystis). In which total of 14 phytoplanktonic Cyanophyta (Microcystis) species were recorded during January 2004 to December 2004.A large number micro organism including a variety of Cyanobacterial toxic species have been observed .Hence the present research work was planned to resolved phytoplanktonic Cyanophyta (Microcystis ) of Keenjhar Lake
2-pyrrolaldehydethiosemicarbazone has been prepared as an analytical reagent for rapid spectrophotometric determination of Co(II), Cu (II), Ni(II), Fe(II), Pd(II) and Hg (II) in buffer medium at pH. (Pyrrolaldehyde and thiosemicarbazone) are selective and sensitive for spectrophotometry. Cobalt and iron was determined from pharmaceutical preparations, nickel and palladium from their respective catalysts and copper from copper wires with relative standard deviation within 2.6-4.5%. The validity of proposed method was evaluated by comparison of obtained results with those obtained on flame atomic absorption spectrometer and certified values. However the proposed method not applied for mercury determination due to less sensitivity i.e. 20-100 μg/ml.
Stackelberg games play an extremely important role in such fields as economics, management, politics and behavioral sciences. There exists extensive literature about static optimization problems. However, the studies on dynamic optimization problems are relatively scarce in spite of the importance in explaining and predicting some phenomena rationally. In this paper, new approach of continuous time open loop Stackelberg differential game introduced with a Min-Max game (secure concept) between multiple followers playing dependently ( the Pareto followers) and others independently (the Nash followers), the problem formulation is presented with an example for the solution of the game
In parametric analysis, which is often referred to as parametric optimization or parametric programming, a perturbation parameter is introduced into the optimization problem, which means that the coefficients in the objective function of the problem and(or) in the right-hand-side of the constraints are(is) perturbed . In this paper we present the qualitative and quantitative analysis of adapted approach of Min-Max differential game of fixed duration with general parameters in the cost functions and constrains between multiple players playing dependently ( the Pareto concept) and others independently (the Nash concept) , the solvability set and the stability sets of the first and the second kind are defined and algorithms for determining these sets are presented.
Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) has been used under different conditions. Among many FACTS devices Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is one which has the capability of controlling multi-transmission systems. In this paper an Improved Power Injection Model (IPIM) of Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) has been introduced. This model was incorporated in N-R method of load flow solution. The proposed model has been tested on the standard test systems. The results of standard 5-bus system, IEEE-14 bus system is presented for the demonstration purpose. MATLAB environment is used for simulation.
The adoption of static resource allocation parameter named Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) limit has been assigned for specific heterogeneous traffic flows in IEEE802.11e Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) protocol. TXOP limit facilitates same categories multiple packets transmission until the allocated time expired. Due to the variation of traffic load in Wireless Campus Network (WCN), the fixed bandwidth reservation parameter is not sufficient to guarantee QoS for Interactive Multimedia (IMM) traffic flows. While the traffic load is very low, although, there is no same categories of traffic to transfer but others category of traffics have to wait until the current TXOP limit is expired. Thus, wastes the channel bandwidth over the network. In contrast, during high traffic load, fixed duration of time is not adequate to guarantee QoS because the packets loss occurs. Many researchers adjust the TXOP parameter dynamically to ensure QoS but still have some unresolved problem with it. This paper aims to employ Proposed Dynamic TXOP (PDTXOP) mechanism based on the current calculated queue size and pre-setting thresholds. A mathematical estimation of PDTXOP scheme has been developed to calculate the dynamic TXOP limit for different current high priority traffic queues in MAC layer. The evaluation of the PDTXOP has been done using Qualnet 5.1 simulator and measured the performance of the network using different performance metrics (jitter, end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio). The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme agrees to improve significantly about 40.99%, 36.36%, 14.80% and 17.91% respectively QoS performance of the IMM traffics.