This research is focused on the ugly side of politicians and political parties in Nigeria. Four political parties were used to infer information on what the voting populace considers when casting their vote. The contingency table, the Chi squared, the likelihood ratio Chi squared and the Cramer’s V were used. The analysis revealed the rejection of the null hypothesis indicating the acceptance of the alternate hypothesis. This result indicated that the voting age in Nigeria will willingly cast their vote to aspirants and political parties whose ideology is based on development and internal democracy. This implies outright rejection of political parties whose ideology is based on regional and religious sentiment. The Cramer’s V suggested that there is strong association between the profiles and the political parties. In other words, the profiles of the political party are direct manifestation of the aspirant’s ideology.

Knowledge discovery process from databases has gained importance recently. Finding and using the valuable and meaningful data which is hidden in large databases can have strategic importance for the organizations to gain competitive advantage. Knowledge discovery process that is based on data mining consists of two methods named symbolic and numerical. Association rules based on lattice reflect the relationships among the attributes in a database. The symbolic methods based on formal concept analysis classification are frequent itemset search and association rule extraction. \nConcept lattices are the knowledge representation of Formal Concept Analysis which has been originally developed as a subfield of Applied Mathematics.\nIn this study, the mathematical background and definition of formal concept analysis which is a powerful tool in knowledge representation and discovery are explained. Also, Association Rule Mining based-on Formal Concept Analysis is explained. Then, an experimental study is given in personnel selection function of human resources management by using formal concept analysis method to model the qualifications of candidates during the recruitment process by taking into consideration the essential qualifications needed for the job position. The qualifications of the candidates are modeled with concept lattices. After that association rules and implications are obtained in order to facilitate the decision making process to select the appropriate candidate for the vacant position.

Abstract\n A software of seismic data collection was developed based on building a surface data base. The software represents a better way to manage seismic exploration data. The Browser/server (B/S) and the Client/server (C/S) are used to realize integrating the function of processing/interpreting and querying together. This study improves the methods of processing the surface seismic data on spot outdoor nowadays, and accords with the demanding of digital construction of the oil field. It is very convenient to operate with this software, either on spot outdoor inputting data or querying and later processing/interpreting indoor.

Agriculture sector is one of the most vulnerable sectors to any change in climate pattern. The\ncrops are directly dependent on climatic parameters for optimum growth, yield and disease\nepidemics. Developed nations have adapted new technologies for sustainable agricultural\nproduction to support their farming community. Unfortunately in Pakistan, less attention has\nbeen given regarding dissemination of data and information, in order to have a farming\ncommunity that is well equipped with new and innovative technologies. Dissemination of\nknowledge to farmers is responsibility of extension department of the provinces. This study\nwas conducted to analyse present situation of extension services in rice/wheat zone of\nPakistan and perception of farming community about climate change impacts. The focus of\nstudy was rice growing farmers, as export of rice has significant share in GDP. The role of\nextension department has now become more vital in the changing climate to provide accurate\nand timely information to the farmers. This study utilized primary source for data collection.\nResults revealed are not satisfactory. Climate is impacting agriculture sector. Farmers have\nalso shown concerns over climate change issue. They are facing issues in credit availability,\nwater availability and absence of technical knowledge by extension services. It has disturbed\ntheir farming practices. Meanwhile, access to latest information regarding technical\nadvancement in farming practices is stagnant. TV and radio could be good medium of\nextension information, however, in person visits of extension officers to the farms is the need\nof time. This is because, farmers demand timely accessibility of information to have a\nsustainable production in current situation.

To convert vegetable edible oils into vanaspati ghee, nickel is used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation process. A simple and fast method for the trace level determination of nickel in ghee is reported. In this different methods were applied for the extraction of residual nickel from ghee samples. Using toluene, as organic solvents, an acid mixture was used for the extraction of nickel. Extracted nickel was quantified with atomic absorption. Among the organic solvents, toluene proved to be the best solvent mediating a 95% extraction of nickel from ghee samples. Nickel was extracted and determined in ten different brands of ghee and in all samples its amount was well above the permissible limit of WHO (0.2 µg/g). Other metals like lead, zinc, copper, and cadmium were also determined and their concentrations were found to be much below the WHO permissible limits.

The main theme of this paper is the interrelations between solution problems for linear time-varying systems and the linear matrix equations of Sylvester with suitable controllability and observability conditions.

The identification of the mental foramen (MF) is an important prerequisite for surgical procedures involving anterior part of the mandible. Its position and possible presence of accessory mental foramina need to be considered before surgery in order to avoid mental nerve branches injury. We present a rare case of 33 - year - old woman with triple mental foramina of the right side of the mandible detected by CBCT which was not seen on panoramic radiography.