The presence of crack changes the physical characteristics of a structure which in turn alter its dynamic response characteristics. So it is important to understand dynamics of cracked structures. Crack depth and location are the main parameters influencing the vibration characteristics of the rotating shaft. In the present study, a technique based on the measurement of change of natural frequencies has been employed to detect the multiple cracks in rotating shaft. The model of shaft was generated using Finite Element Method. In Finite Element Analysis, the natural frequency of the shaft was calculated by modal analysis using the software ANSYS. The Numerical data were obtained from FEA, then used to train through Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy- Inference System. Then simulations were carried out to test the performance and accuracy of the trained networks. The simulation results show that the proposed ANFIS estimate the locations and depth of cracks precisely.

Objective. To compare the staining intensity of turmeric and chewable tobacco with that of coffee and to investigate the impact of staining status on the bleaching efficacy of discolored restorative materials. Study Design. A total of 72 specimens from two types of dental composites (nanocomposite, and microhybrid composite) and two types of glass ionomer cements (conventional glass ionomers, and resin-modified glass ionomers) were immersed in different staining media including turmeric, coffee, and chewable tobacco (3 Hour/day). The color changes were measured at 15th, 30th, and 45th days of staining according to the CIELAB system. The discolored specimens were then bleached using a 10% carbamide peroxide solution (2×30 min daily) and the color changes were quantified after 7 and 14 days of bleaching. The obtained data were further analysed using ANOVA with complementary Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results and Conclusion. Chewable tobacco displayed the most overall staining effect on the selected materials, followed by coffee and turmeric. Nanocomposites showed the highest vulnerability to color change due to the exposure to coffee and turmeric, while the highest color change by chewable tobacco was observed in the resin-modified glass ionomers. In contrast, the conventional glass ionomers were least stained in all staining solutions. Carbamide peroxide also exhibited more bleaching effect on nanocomposites compared to other selected restorative materials. Clinical Significance: Conventional glass ionomers and microhybrid composites are more suitable compared to resin-modified glass ionomers and nanocomposites for utilization in places where esthetic longevity is the prime concern (anterior teeth and premolars in smile line) and patient has high intake of coffee, turmeric, or chewable tobacco.

The developments in modern technology have changed the way people live and acquire knowledge. This in turn has created a new challenge for the way a current classroom is conducted, thus the flipped classroom appears as the most appropriate approach for the present learning environment. The core and precept of a flipped classroom will be presented in this paper as well as the consequences and impact of this approach on traditional education. It discusses of the differences of each element between a traditional learning environment and a flipped classroom. The main differences are how information is first presented and integrated. In a traditional classroom, the students are first taught and then followed by a practical training session. But in a flipped classroom, the instructional design is to reverse or “flipped” this traditional approach. Students learn on their own through preloaded lessons, usually available on the web and face to face classroom interaction is utilized by discussing difficult concepts with the instructor. In addition, a flipped classroom (FC) has many positive features, students empowered with more independence for their own learning, dealing with the diversity and differences of individual students. The influence of a flipped classroom compared to a traditional classroom from various aspects will also be explained. Models of flipped classroom represent the latest development in education and are regarded as a huge leap in education as seems to meets the requirements of the current students and their demands.

Over the past decade computer networks have grown rapidly but the network security became a critical problem in the computer systems. Thus in the recent years various soft computing technique based methods were proposed to detects the growth of intrusion. Also many researchers have reported that the large set of pattern classifications and machine learning algorithms are trained and testing is made on the knowledge discovery intrusion detection dataset which is unsuccessful in finding the remote-to-local attacks and user-to root attacks. Moreover Hyperbolic Hopfield Neural Network (HHNN) based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) detection stability, detection ratio, particularly low-frequent attacks detection are still required to be improved. Thus this paper proposes a new method known as K-Medoids-HNNN using the technique HHNN and K-Medoids clustering. This system achieves the higher intrusion detection rate, detection stability and less false positive rate. At first the proposed system implements the K-Medoids clustering technique on the various training subsets. Afterwards a mono HHNN model is trained using the different training subsets to detect the intrusion. The experimental results shows the K-Medoids-HHNN approach achieve better results rather than other framework.

This paper studies the applying of the controller in the suspension system of car. In order to deal with disturbances and uncertainties, the sliding mode control method has been used as a resistant method as well as a controlling method applied on system. This controller with a Quarter model of car uses the mathematical linear combination of an ideal model Sky-hook and an ideal model Ground-hook as a reference model that this reference model causes to simultaneously have both factors of the comfort of car passengers and more proper conductibility. Stimulation of the suspension system of car causes the effect of applied controller on the dynamics of car’s cabin and dynamics of its wheel. In this paper, both stable and transient states have been used as the stimulation entering to the system and the effects of both states on dynamics of car’s cabin and its wheel have been investigated. The obtained results show that there are states in which there is the equilibrium between the appropriate response of car’s cabin and its wheel. This balance causes the shift in emphasis of reference model on the controllers of sky-hook and Ground-hook through changing the advantage of dual controller.